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The School of Graduate Studies Handbook and Style Guide for Dissertations and Theses Fourth Edition, 2016 Dr. Mark Garrison, Dean 1700 East Cold Spring Lane McKeldin Center, Suite 310 Baltimore, MD 21251 Phone: 443.8226 © 2016 The School of Graduate Studies, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD Table of Contents Chapter 1: University Expectations for Preparing a Dissertation or Thesis. 1 Standards for the Dissertation. 1 Standards for the Thesis.

2 Author of the Dissertation or Thesis. 3 Graduate Students’ Responsibilities. 3 Committee Chairpersons’ and Committee Members’ Responsibilities. 3 School of Graduate Studies’ Responsibilities.

4 Shared Understanding of the Dissertation or Thesis. 5 Registering the Copyright. 6 Chapter 2: University Expectations for Academic Conduct and Ethical Research. 7 Federal Policy on Research Misconduct.

7 Definitions and Penalties of Academic Dishonesty and Plagiarism. 9 Chapter 3: Before Preparing the Manuscript. 10 Follow Specific Program Guidelines. 10 Review Past Copies of Dissertations/Theses.

10 Determine the Validity and Authority of Research Taken from the Internet. 11 Choose the Appropriate Style Manual. 11 Secure Written Permission for Use of Copyrighted Material. 11 Secure Written Permission for use of Human Subjects.

12 Obtain Editorial, Proofreading, or Typing Assistance. 13 Obtain Electronic Storage Devices. 13 Chapter 4: Preparing the Dissertation or Thesis Draft. 14 Font Style/Size.

15 Widows and Orphans. 16 FRONT MATTER REQUIREMENTS. 18 Table of Contents. 18 List of Tables/List of Figures.

19 List of Illustrations. 19 List of Abbreviations. 20 END (BACK) MATTER REQUIREMENTS. 20 References or Bibliography.

20 Institutional Review Board (IRB) Documents. 21 Chapter 5: Templates and Models of Formal Elements. 22 Chapter 6: Submitting the Dissertation or Thesis to the School of Graduate Studies. 32 When to Submit.

32 Before Submitting the Dissertation or Thesis. 33 Error Free Document. 33 Upon Submitting the Dissertation or Thesis. 33 The Submission Process.

33 The “Deposit” and the Steps for Electronic Submission. 34 Chapter 7: Common Mistakes in Preparing Dissertations and Theses. 37 Setting Tabs and Spacing. 38 Types of Dashes.

38 Three-Em-Dash. 40 Commas and Periods and Quotation Marks. 40 Appendix A: Research Misconduct. 41 Appendix B: Helpful Bibliographies.

45 Bibliography: Style Manuals. 45 Bibliography: “How-to” Write a Dissertation/Thesis. 46 Appendix C: Common Problems to Avoid. 49 Appendix D: Common Errors Requiring Correction.

50 Table of Figures Figure 1: UMI Advanced Search Function. 10 Figure 2: Required Page Layout for Dissertations and Theses. 23 Figure 3: Abstract Template. 24 Figure 4: Model Abstract Page.

25 Figure 5: Required Title Page Template. 26 Figure 6: Title Page Model. 27 Figure 7: Required Approval Page Template. 28 Figure 8: Sample Approval Page for Physical Manuscript or Submission for ETD.

29 Figure 9: Table of Contents Model. 30 Figure 10: Chapter 1 Sample Page. 31 Figure 11: Fees for Copyrighting and Publishing. 35 iii Chapter 1: University Expectations for Preparing a Dissertation or Thesis Introduction The School of Graduate Studies publishes the Handbook and Style Guide for Dissertations and Theses (Handbook) in order to assist the graduate student in the preparation of a doctoral dissertation or master’s thesis.

To provide minimum guidelines common to all disciplines, this Handbook includes specific format requirements for the School of Graduate Studies. Information in the Handbook should also be helpful to graduate coordinators, faculty, advisors, committee chairpersons, and committee members for understanding standards and requirements for writing dissertations and theses. The School of Graduate Studies expects that all dissertations and theses will consist of research that is educationally significant and methodologically sound. At Morgan State University, dissertations are required for the award of all doctoral degrees.

Currently, most candidates for Master of Arts degrees must prepare theses. Theses may also be required of candidates seeking Master of Science degrees as well as candidates from a number of specialized Master’s degrees. Please consult the current School of Graduate Studies Catalog and meet with the program graduate advisor to determine whether a program requires a thesis. Standards for the Dissertation The preparation of a dissertation functions primarily as a way to help the doctoral student understand research methodology and to acquire the scholarly abilities to advance knowledge and understanding within a academic discipline.

Chief among the research skills is the ability to communicate orally and in writing with colleagues and others about ones chosen subject matter. At Morgan, all candidates for doctoral degrees (PhD, DEng, DrPH, and EdD) are required to conduct original research and prepare and defend a dissertation. Students are encouraged to review dissertation or other research requirements with faculty advisors and the graduate coordinators of respective degree programs. All doctoral dissertations must meet several important standards.

For a dissertation to be accepted by the School of Graduate Studies, it must:  Demonstrate thorough knowledge of prior scholarship, including qualitative or quantitative research relating to the dissertation topic;  Reveal ability to analyze, critique, interpret, and integrate information from prior scholarship into hypotheses or research questions sufficient to form the basis of a dissertation;  Reflect use of appropriate research methodology, including current data collection techniques and appropriate data analysis tools including the use of proper statistical applications and other software applications; 1 School of Graduate Studies Dissertation and Thesis Handbook  Display findings in a sequential and logical manner, and when needed, through the use of appropriate tables, graphs, or other methods of presenting quantitative or qualitative data;  Include a coherent discussion of the relationships among the prior scholarship, the hypotheses or research question(s), the findings and data, and the meaning of the results; and  Reflect a mastery of grammar, punctuation, sentence construction, paragraph formation, and style consistent with requirements outlined and approved in this Handbook. The School of Graduate Studies reserves the right not to accept dissertations that fail to meet these standards. The general expectation is that the dissertation committee provides assurance that these standards are met and indicates so with the signatures of the members being published in the dissertation. Standards for the Thesis The purpose of the thesis is to help the master’s student acquire the research, methodological, and communication skills necessary for discussing and potentially contributing to knowledge and understanding within academic disciplines.

In order to be accepted by the School of Graduate Studies, the thesis must:  Demonstrate knowledge of prior scholarship relating to the thesis topic;  Reveal ability to analyze, critique, and integrate information into hypotheses or research questions sufficient to form the basis for a thesis;  Reflect use of appropriate research methodology that will result in reliable findings;  Present findings in a manner appropriate for displaying quantitative or qualitative data;  Include a coherent discussion of findings and the meaning of the results; and  Reflect a mastery of grammar, punctuation, sentence construction, paragraph formation, citations, and style consistent with published research in an academic discipline. The School of Graduate Studies reserves the right not to accept theses that fail to meet these standards. The general expectation is that the thesis committee provides assurance that these standards are met and indicates so with the signatures of the members being published in the thesis. 2 School of Graduate Studies Dissertation and Thesis Handbook Author of the Dissertation or Thesis The student is the author of the doctoral dissertation or master’s thesis and, therefore, is ultimately responsible for ensuring that its production reflects the highest professional quality in content, style, and grammatical exactness.

In addition to this, the preparation, as well as the evaluation, of dissertations and theses represents a joint enterprise involving the graduate student, the dissertation or thesis chairperson, other members of the dissertation or thesis committee, and Dean of the School of Graduate Studies. All dissertations and theses are to be written in English. Graduate Students’ Responsibilities Although one should expect assistance from the committee chair and committee members, the student is held solely responsible for meeting the standards, citation style, format, and overall quality expected of dissertations and theses. Responsibilities include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following:  Choosing a dissertation or thesis topic that represents one’s own original research;  Consulting regularly with committee chairpersons and committee members to review progress on the development of chapters in the dissertation or thesis;  Developing and organizing the subject matter to reflect with clarity the content and analysis of arguments and any proposed hypotheses;  Assuring that the quality of data, of the evidence, and of the logical reasoning presented is consistent with theories, principles, and methodologies of the discipline;  Assuring that the format, composition, text, layout, and appearance of illustrations and bibliography are of the highest professional quality;  Certifying the accuracy of references and citations;  Securing copyrights for the dissertation or thesis through UMI/ProQuest during the submission process;  Securing appropriate permission to reproduce copyrighted material in the thesis or dissertation; and  Meeting all deadlines set by the School of Graduate Studies for the submission of dissertations and theses.

Committee Chairpersons’ and Committee Members’ Responsibilities The committee chair in particular and the other committee members in general are responsible for guiding and advising the student in researching scholarly literature, using of appropriate research methodologies, analyzing data, and reporting findings for the 3 School of Graduate Studies Dissertation and Thesis Handbook dissertation or thesis. The committee chairperson and committee members are expected to provide fair and ongoing evaluation of written drafts according to the standards of the discipline and the standards necessary to satisfy degree requirements. The responsibilities of the committee chairs and committee members include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following:  Reviewing the candidate’s transcript to verify the status of eligibility to write the dissertation or thesis;  Approving topic(s) and methodology for the dissertation or thesis;  Reading and offering constructive criticism on drafts of the dissertation or thesis related to the quality of data and evidence, reasoning, editorial and linguistic quality, and references and citations;  Guiding and advising the candidate’s work in reference to its organization and content;  Evaluating the dissertation or thesis based on the requirements of the degree for which one is a candidate;  Helping prepare the manuscript for scholarly publication;  Reviewing the research and the manuscript for concerns related to academic integrity and providing evidence that such a review has occurred;  Assisting the candidate in meeting the deadlines as established by the School of Graduate Studies for the oral defense and in submitting the dissertation or thesis to the School of Graduate Studies. In its evaluation of the dissertation or thesis, the committee may assign the following assessments:  Passed (no corrections needed).

School of Graduate Studies’ Responsibilities The Dean of the School of Graduate Studies is responsible for certifying that the standards for the preparation of dissertations or theses have been met. Although the review of dissertations and theses by the Dean or the Dean’s designee centers primarily on conformity to the elements of style as outlined in this Handbook, the Dean is also concerned with the quality of the content and analysis reflected in the dissertation or 4 School of Graduate Studies Dissertation and Thesis Handbook thesis. Only after certification by the Dean are dissertations or theses accepted.