Doctoral Thesis: Info Sharing Impact on Supply Chain Performance & Factors

DOCTORAL (PHD) DISSERTATION THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SHARING INFORMATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN AND THE VALUE OF INFORMATION SHARING FACTORS Debrecen 2023 i UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS KÁROLY IHRIG DOCTORAL SCHOOOL OF MANAGAEMENT AND BUSINESS Head of the Doctoral School: Prof. Péter Balogh university professor, DSc THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SHARING INFORMATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN AND THE VALUE OF INFORMATION SHARING FACTORS Prepared by: LE THI DIEM CHAU Supervisor: MIKLOS PAKURAR Prof. DEBRECEN 2023 ii THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SHARING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SHARING INFORMATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN AND THE VALUE OF INFORMATION SHARING FACTORS The aim of this dissertation is to obtain a doctoral (PhD) degree in the scientific field of „Management and Business” Written by: …………………………… certified …………………………… Supervisor: Dr. …………………………… Doctoral final exam committee: name academic degree Chair:.

Date of the doctoral final exam: 2023…. Reviewers of the Dissertation: name, academic degree signature. Review committee: name, academic degree signature Chair:. Date of doctoral theses defence: 2023.

iii DECLARATION I undersigned (name: Le Thi Diem Chau, date of birth: 24/07/1991) declare under penalty of perjury and certify with my signature that the dissertation I submitted in order to obtain doctoral (PhD) degree is entirely my own work. Furthermore, I declare the following: - I examined the Code of the Károly Ihrig Doctoral School of Management and Business Administration and I acknowledge the points laid down in the code as mandatory; - I handled the technical literature sources used in my dissertation fairly and I conformed to the provisions and stipulations related to the dissertation; - I indicated the original source of other authors’ unpublished thoughts and data in the references section in a complete and correct way in consideration of the prevailing copyright protection rules; - No dissertation which is fully or partly identical to the present dissertation was submitted to any other university or doctoral school for the purpose of obtaining a PhD degree. Le Thi Diem Chau signature iv TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION OF THE TOPICS AND OBJECTIVE.

Literature review process. The definition and benefits of IShar in the supply chain. A comprehensive picture of IShar in the supply chain. The number of studies by Journal.

Number of studies by publication year. Characteristics of problem. The gaps between current study and previous studies. Defination and difference of MA and other methods.

The process of performing MA. The common process of building SEM. The detailed process of SEM and the limited values of SEM application. Steps to perform MASEM.

Two stage structural equation modeling. HYPOTHESIS AND DATA SELECTION STRATEGY. The strategy of choosing publication and testing publication bias. RESEARCH FINDINGS AND EVALUATIONS.

The results of selecting and testing publications. The tests of heterogeneity, publication bias, and fail-safe number. The results of testing the relationship between the pairs of factors. The relationships in a set of IShar, SCPerf, and SCPerfIAs.

The relationships in the set of IShar’s factors and IShar. The relationship structure between IShar, SCPerf, and SCPerfIAs. The relationship structure between IShar and IShar’s factors. The role of mediators.

The key activities in improving SCPerf. The key factors in improving IShar. The effect of other factors on SCPerf, SCIntg, SCFlex, and IShar. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDS.

PRACTICAL APPLICABILITY OF THE RESULTS. MAIN CONCLUSIONS AND NOVEL FINDINGS OF THE DISSERTATION. 122 LIST OF PUBLICATION. 147 LIST OF TABLES.

148 LIST OF FIGURES. 149 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. INTRODUCTION OF THE TOPICS AND OBJECTIVE Supply chain performance (SCPerf) is described by the extended activities of the supply chain to satisfy customers’ requirements (Beamon, 1999). According to Afum et al.

(2019), the performance of the supply chain is defined by the efficiency and effectiveness of the enterprise's entire supply chain (Afum et al. It measures the outcomes of dimensions in an organization, including flexibility, quality, and the efficiency of improved processes (Voss et al. Supply chain integration (SCIntg), the collaboration of the supply chain (SCCol), and the flexibility of the supply chain (SCFlex) are the main activities affecting the improvement of the performance of the supply chain (SCPerfIAs). SCIntg is known as the process integration in the supply chain (Hsin Hsin Chang et al.

These processes connect the activities between an individual and its partners such as suppliers and customers in the supply chain (Hau L Lee & Whang, 2004; Näslund & Hulthen, 2012; Tan, 2001; David Zhengwen Zhang et al. SCCol is referred to as a connection between at least two individuals who work together with the same objectives such as gaining competition and getting higher profits (Simatupang & Sridharan, 2002). Responsibilities are shared between the companies participating in supply chain collaboration (Anthony, 2000). SCFlex is the supply chain's ability to respond quickly to market changes.

Rapid responsiveness of the supply chain reflects the agility of both inside and outside of each company (Swafford et al. In the internal of an organization, flexibility reflects the dynamics of how a job is done and job completion time. In the external of an organization, the strong connection of each firm with its key suppliers and customers increases the success of rapid responsiveness and reduces potential and actual disruptions (Braunscheidel & Suresh, 2009). Information Sharing (IShar) is an information-sharing activity where high-quality information is exchanged between partners in the supply chain (Gang Li et al.

According to Min et al. (2005), IShar seems to be a source of connectivity in the supply chain (Min et al. The connection is created by exchanging information supporting SCPerfIAs and SCPerf. Particularly, IShar increases effective communication among supply chain members (Sundram et al.

This not only increases collaboration but also increases supply chain integration (Morash & Clinton, 1997). The exchanging information helps individuals understand their customer's needs and behavior. As a result, individuals may actively plan to respond to the change in markets and customers’ needs quickly (Shore, 2001). Therefore, IShar seems to be one of the key elements that help to increase resource utilization and productivity, as well as the quick response, contributing to the improvement of supply chain performance (Jauhari, 1 2009; Mourtzis, 2011; Tung-Mou Yang & Maxwell, 2011).

However, some previous studies provide that it is not sufficient to confirm the effect of IShar on SCPerfIAs and SCPerf. For example, Kang & Moon (2015) reject the effect of IShar on SCPerf (Kang & Moon, 2015). Dwaikat et al (2018) point out that sharing information about inventory is not an important factor in increasing delivery flexibility (Dwaikat et al. Siyu Li et al.

(2019) reject the impact of IShar on SCCol (Siyu Li et al. In some cases, some other studies indicate the effect of IShar on SCPerfIAs and SCPerf through mediators. For example, Chang et al. (2013) indicate that SCPerf is influenced by IShar through SCIntg (Hsin Hsin Chang et al.

Therefore, the question is whether the exchanging of information has an influence on SCPerf and activities to improve supply chain performance (SCPerfIAs), and how strong is the impact? What are the relationships between IShar, SCPerf, and SCPerfIAs? What are mediators in the relationships between IShar and SCPerfIAs, between IShar and SCPerf, and between SCPerfIAs and SCPerf. On another aspect, information transfer among members in the supply chain is affected by four main factors including information technology (InfT), trust (Trust), commitment (Comt), and environmental uncertainty (EnU). These factors’ influence is confirmed by previous studies. Omar et al.

(2010) confirm that technology has a positive impact on IShar (Omar et al. Technology linkage will help information flows to be transferred between supply chain partners efficiently (Newcomer & Caudle, 1991), and information flow is interrupted because of poor technology (Hoffman & Mehra, 2000). In addition, technical support may not be effective if each company is not willing to exchange information (Fawcett et al. Willingness to share information is used to refer to the attitude of exchanging necessary information with partners in an honest, enthusiastic, and trustworthy manner (Fawcett et al.

According to Zaheer & Trkman (2017) and Wu et al. (2014), Trust and Comt are two key elements in the willingness of information transfer (Wu et al. The term trust is used to refer to the perceived reliability and honesty between partners (Erdogan & Çemberci, 2018). Comt represents the desire of individuals in a business relationship through a guarantee or agreement, promoting a lasting relationship (Hwee Khei Lee & Fernando, 2015).

Finally, Şahin, & Topal (2019) indicate the impact of EnU on IShar (Hasan Şahin & Topal, 2019). EnU describes the difficulties of accurately predicting the future such as competitive uncertainty, changing technology, fluctuating demand, and supplier and customer uncertainty (Gupta & Wilemon, 1990). By contrast, some previous studies such as Jengchung V Chen et al. (2011); Üstündağ & Ungan (2020); Zhong et al.

(2020), and so on also provide the rejection of hypotheses related to the impact of Comt, Trust, InfT, and EnU on IShar (Jengchung V Chen 2 et al., 2011; Üstündağ & Ungan, 2020; Zhong et al. From there, a question arises whether the factors considered have an effect on IShar? How strongly do the factors consider influence IShar? Based on the research questions, this study is formed to examine the connections between IShar and SCPerf, between IShar and SCPerfIAs including SCIntg, SCCol, and SCFlex, between SCPerfIAs and SCPerf, between IShar’s factors and IShar, and between the factors of IShar. The aims of this research are to confirm the effect of IShar on SCPerfIAs and SCPerf and the impact of IShar’s factors. Simultaneously, this research purposes to form the structure of the relationships between IShar, SCPerf, and SCPerfIAs and the structural relationships between IShar and the factors of IShar.

Furthermore, it also is to evaluates the degree of the effect of IShar on SCPerfIAs and SCPer and the impact of each factor on IShar. From that, decision- makers can prioritize between activities/factors to consider and choose which activities/factors need to be taken to improve their IShar and SCPerf. MA and MASEM are used in this study. MA is used to quantitatively study solutions by summarizing, analyzing, and comparing results from the literature.

MA is used to test the connections between two activities/factors. MASEM refers to the model merging MA and SEM. Hence, this method can reduce the limitations of both MA and SEM. Based on the results of MA, MASEM is used to determine the structure of the connections between activities/factors.

In this study, analysis models are computed by using correlation coefficients. These coefficients are gathered from 101 previous publications with a total of 23580 observations. Our results reaffirm the correlation between IShar and factors, the role of IShar on the supply chain activities and performance, especially on SCIntg and SCCol, and the positive impact of factors on the effectiveness of sharing information. The findings also suggest a dominant role for Comt over Trust, InfT, and EnU in information exchange.

The conclusions in this study add value to the literature in the scope of information exchanging in the supply chain. In addition, our study also highlights the appearance of many other activities/factors influencing IShar, SCIntg, SCCol, SCFlex, and SCPerf besides considered activities/factors. The main objectives 1. To examine the correlation between activities/factors considered in this study 2.

To identify the structure of the relationships in the set of IShar, SCPerf, and SCPerfIAs and the relationships in the set of IShar and the factors of IShar 3. To accurately determine the degree of the effect of IShar on SCPerf through: – Measuring the direct effect of IShar on SCPerf – Measuring the impact of IShar on SCPerfIAs including SCIntg, SCCol, and SCFlex 3 – Measuring the influence of SCPerfIAs on SCPerf 4. To accurately evaluate the accurate influence of factors such as Comt, InfT, Trust, and EnU on IShar in the supply chain 5.